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Using a VPN is a terrific way to protect your internet traffic when you're traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple for a rear door to get past the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI had to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or similar hack exists, it will become a target, a prize for the poor guys. It will flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update them, but the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, in the event that you wanted to keep a document secret you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a protected. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel those options.
One type of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of these. The other creates a virtual disk drive that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, all the documents that you put into it's completely inaccessible. .
Like the digital drive solution, a few products store your encrypted information in the cloud. This approach requires extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a far larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial provided by each of these products to get a sense of the different options.
Once you copy a file into secure storage, or make an encrypted version of it, then you definitely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Simply deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you bypass the Recycle Bin, since the information still exists on disk, and data retrieval utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products here are the findings prevent this issue by encrypting the document in location, literally overwriting it on disk using an encrypted version. It's more common, though, to provide secure deletion as an option. If you choose something that lacks this attribute, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval works since the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known information and reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other document into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one of the products gathered here service AES. Even the ones that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption expert, you may prefer another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, enroll it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. Another is personal, and needs to be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can make a digital signature which proves your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact that your public key decrypts it is all the evidence you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to talk about a file with someone and your encryption application doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.